Trump was absolutely correct that Zelensky doesn't have any cards, but as of the fall of Kursk, neither has Trump. It's not his fault, but it is what it is.
- Weapons? Useless.
- Sanctions? Not very effective.
- Direct military reinforcement? Out of the question.
- Kursk? Fallen.
The only thing Putin has to lose is more of his men in the course of the war, but I'd guess the majority of Russian soldiers and civilians believe the fight is worth it at this point. Russia will whoop on Ukraine some more and eventually there won't be anything to negotiate with.
You make a compelling point, but that backs Russia to the wall of mutual nuclear annihilation. And push comes to shove, they will always care more about Ukraine than we will.
I doubt Ukraine can be supplied with, as well as maintain, any deep strike capabilities before the Russians eradicate it down to ineffective levels. No Western wunderwaffen has operated unscathed.
I also don't see weapons being the deciding factor, with the exception of artillery. Russia has something like a 5:1 artillery advantage. But it is logistically impossible to close the artillery gap without WWII Defense Act levels of production.