Stocks are game theory, and as such accurate prediction is impossible as the ability to predict changes the outcome.

Presumably there's no aliens or secret cabal with the power to secretly alter the climate to profit over having better knowledge than others that are gaming the environment.

There's no reason the overall climate shouldn't be predictable given enough knowledge other than human activity is unpredictable (invention of a low cost fusion reactor for instance). The problem is they don't have anywhere near the knowledge since experiments can't be done or replicated, and the more human activity effects the outcome the less predictable any forecast will be.