Dude, the world of Cyberpunk has all of that, just not in Night City. Night City is isolated from the rest of the world's cultural phenomenons for the most part because most of the people living there lived through the nuke that went off at Arasaka tower. There are snippets of reports of Islamic terror in the game and there aren't a whole lot of outright middle easterners in the game to begin with.

Islamic terrorists aren't in Night City, and probably wouldn't even be effective there anyway. Not when the game is set barely 20 years after a pocket nuke went off downtown, destroyed most of the city, and the response was to scrape the radioactive rubble into the bay and hire a bunch of Nomads to rebuild.

Suicide bombings seem like pretty small potatoes when compared to what Araska and Millitech did to each other in the 4th corporate war. Hell, there might not even be any of the current Islamic terrorist groups we have today. Cyberpunk diverges from our timeline in the 80s, right around the time the Mujahideen formed to fight the soviets in Afghanistan.

Basically, Cyberpunk can get away with it because they set up their world to Basically eliminate nationality by having corps take over the world. Who cares about where you're from when your nation is run by Biotechnica or fuckin All Foods?