good news. fusion (hydrogen) bombs produce very very little radioactive fallout. in fact, much of the improvements to our nuclear arms has been making them more efficient, so that most of the nuclear material undergoes fusion and is not blasted out into the atmosphere as (relatively) long half-life fallout.

In addition, nuclear weapons are now designed to air-burst at an altitude that avoids irradiating nearly as much dirt and debris and blasting it up into the air to be spread. The higher-altitude burst actually kills and destroys more while avoiding as much nuclear fallout. This irradiated material is much less dangerous that "un-fused" nuclear material, and it's radioactive properties last less than a month.

so yeah. don't live near air bases and population centers and you'll have a reasonable shot at living.