But India was the first to develop nuclear weapons, despite its own conventional superiority.
India has to worry about China, and China has nukes, so India needed nukes as well to not get bullied by China.
Japan proves you don't need nukes to be a great power, however.
Whether or not the Russians will face 'genocide' will make no difference. The regime there, as regimes everywhere, cares only about its own survival. If it does not survive, what does it matter if Russians do or don't face genocide - the incentives for the regime is the same.
Nah, Hitler did not use chemical weapons even though his regime was clearly going to fall. Japan didn't, either. Neither of them would have used nukes if they had them for the exact same reason.
Germany & Japan also prove that even losing a war by conquest or unconditional surrender is only a temporary setback that can be overcome in a few years provided the conquerors don't plan on occupying and subjugating you long term. The Japanese government surrendered despite loads of propaganda to fight to the death, and when officers tried a coup to reverse the surrender decision, it went nowhere and immediately failed.
If you're a Russian military officer and NATO armies are invading Russia, and you don't push the button, the worst that happens is that Russia becomes a democracy. If anything your family might get a better life. You push that button? Your family dies. It's an easy choice. Very, very few Russians are willing to die for the "regime" as opposed to saving themselves and their families.
The US doesn't want half its population to die, because that would rob it of half its tax base and cannon fodder, obviously not because they 'care about people' or whatever crap they make you believe.
Wrong. Americans genuinely care about one another, if a little less about political enemies. 9/11 proved that beyond all doubt. It doesn't matter that 9/11 killed a bunch of jews and libtards, Red America rose up willing to fight to avenge it.
Your mentality is correct as to China, Russia, North Korea, Myanmar, and some other shitholes, but it isn't true at all in modern democracies.
It's interesting that you pre-emptively addressed it, because I was just about to bring it up. Moreover, to be able to credibly pretend that you will defend NATO, you would have to use nuclear weapons in the Warsaw Pact, not tell Germany that you will nuke Soviet forces once they arrive in Germany.
Doctrine for nukes in war is that you hit all the enemy bases, airfields, and logistics hubs. Russia has a poor intelligence picture of Ukraine. The fact that Ukraine can still operate fighters proves that. There is absolutely no excuse for Russia to have not taken out the Ukrainian air force, but Ukraine was able to disperse its aircraft in the early days of the war and operate them out of temporary, improvised bases. You can't nuke a target if you can't find it.
So tactical nukes wouldn't be a magic bullet for Russia. Ordering a full mobilization would be far less costly for Russia while also being more militarily effective.
What I like about you is that you make some observations about 'Russian elites' which are true of elites everywhere, and then pretend that it's solely applicable to Russian elites. It's like the Imp who says "I DON'T TRUST FEMALE POLITICIANS!" Suggesting that he does trust male politicains.
Because it isn't true. Democracy greatly limits elite power. The leftist elites were able to successfully stop Bernie Sanders, twice, by manipulating blacks, but they couldn't stop Trump. Elites are just one faction in American society, they don't run the place like they do in Russia. In Russia there is no convincing necessary, whatever the elites agree on is going to be what happens, 0 fucks given about what the public at large thinks.
By contrast, Biden chose to ignore the Chinese spy balloon, then then the public at large didn't like that, he immediately reversed course and overcompensated by shooting down children's party balloons with F-22s.
He'd be completely insane to exchange American cities for some shithole in Ukraine. And since American elites do not want to lose half their tax base and cannon fodder, obviously he's not going to do that. I'm sure they have nuclear-proof bunkers for themselves while they let the rest of us die, but being able to waste 50% less money would be a blow.
Elites are smart enough to know that your logic leads to death regardless. If Russia nukes and we don't nuke back, then Russia will just nuke again, and again, and again, and again, until Russia finally nukes something we must nuke back for, and then we end up in exactly the same place we started, except at a much greater disadvantage because we let Russia nuke our side many times before we found our spine.
This was the lesson Hitler taught for all time when he kept eating one country after another and said "I promise this is the last one" and the cowards just let him do it the first few times. Never again. Hence why the strong reaction to stop Putin in Ukraine.
American voters have no influence though, especially when it comes to foreign policy. That is why there is a Uniparty consensus. You didn't seriously think that the military-industrial complex would allow voters power over something as important as foreign policy?
The American voter is the most powerful force in America. The American voter ultimately decides policy in this country, both through elections in a big way, and through polling in a day-to-day way. Biden constantly changes policy when the polls don't go his way. Afghanistan was one time he didn't, but he paid dearly for that and it made him scared to do it again.
There is no such thing as the "military-industrial complex" that's just a propaganda meme from the Left. All the defense contractors don't meet in a shadowy room and scheme, they mostly hate each other because they're competitors.
And there is no "uniparty consensus", Biden took office and abandoned Afghanistan even though it was something the Republicans were strongly against. Had Trump won, he would have been pressured into stopping his limp dick nonsense and putting more troops back in to prevent a collapse.
Yeah, it's pretty shocking, but I read that in Martin Sherwin's Gambling with Armageddon:
It has been debated but it's wrong. here is the source:
During the fifth and final conference in Havana, General Anatoly
Gribkov, who was a colonel at the time of the crisis and heavily involved
in the planning of the missile operation known now as operation "Anadyr",
surprised many participants by claiming that General Pliyev had Moscow's
permission to launch a nuclear strike against the United States in the event
the U.S. invaded Cuba (here it is not understood whether airstrikes
constituted an invasion, or if actual ground forces had to be a part of the
invasionary forces).135
There is much debate currently as to the validity of Gribkov's
statement. Mark Kramer sees Gribkov's account as nothing more than a
way for an overzealous conference participant to grab some publicity.
Other scholars like James Blight and Robert McNamara were eager to take
Gribkov's testimony at face value. Gribkov later that same year, in an
interview for Krasnaya Zvesda (Red Star) in November 1992, retracted his
earlier tale.136 [Kramer, Tactical, 43.]
In the beginning of 1994, Gribkov published a book with U.S.
general William Y. Smith, which seems to put the question of ICBM
control to rest. In the book, which appeared in April 1994, Gribkov
appears to back-away from his startling Havana statements by writing,
"Hours before receiving the translation of Kennedy's address, however,
Khrushchev and his colleagues had also agreed on measures to reduce the
risk that conflict over Cuba might lead to general war. One such action
was a coded telegram sent at 11:30 P.M. Moscow time that reached us in
Havana some thirty minutes before the U.S. President began his broadcast.
Addressed to Trostnik - Comrade Pavlov (code for Soviet headquarters on
Cuba), and signed by Defense Minister Rodian Y. Malinovsky as Director,
the message contained both a call to arms and a prohibition on the use of
atomic arms. Instructing Pliyev to prepare to fight, it also hedged his
authority to use any part of his nuclear arsenal in the event of fighting."137 [Gribkov and Smith, Operation, 62.]
So new orders were written that rescinded the restrictions on the use of tactical nuclear weapons and, in so doing, accepted the possibility of precipitating a nuclear war.
Such orders were written but were not approved or signed or communicated to the Soviets in Cuba. They were just drafts.
Can they even fire nukes without central authorization?
Yes. The tactical nukes did not have any special security safeguards or "locks". The Soviets were also concerned that the Cubans could potentially seize the weapons and fire them themselves without Soviet approval.
It's funny that you call other people 'suicidal' for warning about the risks of nuclear war, while being an absolute jingoist about nuclear annihilation over... Cuba.
I'm not a "jingoist", I'm merely stating the facts as they were believed at the time, and they were rightfully believed.
He is? Because the West keeps flip-flopping on it depending on what they want to say at any given moment. And rationality here, by the way, means that you would engage in some nuclear brinkmanship. Putin's excessive caution has done a lot of harm to his country. (I guess you could describe excessive caution as 'rational'.)
Putin is obviously rational and calculating. I couldn't care less what some libtard writes in the NYT or Wapo. Putin's caution is a reflection of the fact that he doesn't hold absolute power in Russia and therefore has to proceed in a way that is compromising and limited in order to ensure he gets cooperation within his regime. Ask for too much sacrifice, and people start to balk.
Yes, that's my point. If you can limit the damage done to say 50% of your country rather than 100%, then that would be damage limitaton.
If I only need 100 ICBMs to glass you, and I have 1,000, and you take 50% of them out somehow, you've accomplished nothing. You just reduced the layers of glass from 10 to 5.
Not sure where, but I've read an IR guy make a similar argument. That without an ABM, a country like NK could fire 1 nuclear missile at a US base and dare the US to respond and get glassed. With ABM, it would have to fire 50 for 1 to get through, and that's obviously of a different order than 1.
Limited nuclear exchanges are extremely dangerous because they are far more likely. When I told you what MAD stops, MAD stops a general nuclear exchange. It also reduces the odds of a 1-shot attack, but such an attack is far more likely if the attacker sees the defender as weak-willed and unwilling to respond, or excessively fearful of nukes. Of course any miscalculation and you get escalation to nuclear holocaust.
Which again underlines my point: if the Russians want others to believe that they have a lot of nukes, when they don't (so you claim), then obviously having nukes provides the Russians with some benefit, which it wouldn't if nuclear war would only happen in a Barbarossa-type scenario.
It's a psychological prestige thing. I'm sure they have "a lot" of nukes, but I'm also sure the number of nukes they have which are actually ready to use and which would actually work are far lower than what they'd say on paper.
India has to worry about China, and China has nukes, so India needed nukes as well to not get bullied by China.
I may have been stoopid, but I assumed it was about Pakistan. China makes a good deal more sense. And then Pakistan had to develop nukes in order to not be at a disadvantage vs. India.
Japan proves you don't need nukes to be a great power, however.
Japan is no great power. It's an economic power, but to be a great power, you have to at least be able to project power regionally. The only great powers are the ones that are somewhat at par with the US: China, Russia and the Taliban.
Nah, Hitler did not use chemical weapons even though his regime was clearly going to fall. Japan didn't, either. Neither of them would have used nukes if they had them for the exact same reason.
Did Japan even have chemical weapons? This makes no sense. Hitler was preparing to drag down the entire Reich with him. I don't know why he did not use chemical weapons, but I know that it's not for any moral reason or because he feared dying (or destruction).
Germany & Japan also prove that even losing a war by conquest or unconditional surrender is only a temporary setback that can be overcome in a few years provided the conquerors don't plan on occupying and subjugating you long term.
Germany and Japan are occupied countries at the moment. Hell, Germany can't even protest its pipelines being blown up by its master. It has no sovereignty, but then again, none of us in the EU do.
If you're a Russian military officer and NATO armies are invading Russia, and you don't push the button, the worst that happens is that Russia becomes a democracy.
The early 1990s. Which is pretty bad.
If anything your family might get a better life. You push that button? Your family dies. It's an easy choice. Very, very few Russians are willing to die for the "regime" as opposed to saving themselves and their families.
By that logic, nuclear weapons will never be used. Of course, that is nonsense. So if Russia nukes some US bases in Europe, you won't press the button because you don't want to be glassed. Don't be absurd. Like I said, Putin (or whoever) will use nukes if his regime is threatened, because for any regime, not being in power is the worst thing that can happen.
Wrong. Americans genuinely care about one another, if a little less about political enemies. 9/11 proved that beyond all doubt. It doesn't matter that 9/11 killed a bunch of jews and libtards, Red America rose up willing to fight to avenge it.
Biden doesn't care about you. He doesn't care if you live or die. And my government (a "modern democracy") sure as hell doesn't care about me. C'mon man, how are you this naive?
Your mentality is correct as to China, Russia, North Korea, Myanmar, and some other shitholes, but it isn't true at all in modern democracies.
It's especially true in "modern democracies". In divine right monarchy, you at least have a small chance that a non-sociopath will come to the throne. In "democracies", it's a literal impossibility. They don't care about their people, except insofar as it hurts them. What "democracies" do well is that sending your people to die will hurt you politically, so they are less likely to do it than a Mao. But that is the only reason they don't do it, not because Biden is some sort of great moral light.
Ordering a full mobilization would be far less costly for Russia while also being more militarily effective.
Probably.
Democracy greatly limits elite power. The leftist elites were able to successfully stop Bernie Sanders, twice, by manipulating blacks, but they couldn't stop Trump.
They stopped Trump in his tracks, he got nothing done, and now they're jailing him for the temerity to win an election. "Democracy" is a fiction. You are possessed by your two-party mindset, persuaded yourself that all your ills of your country come from Democrats, but I can see that much more clearly in multi-party European elections. It doesn't matter who wins. You get screwed either way, and the elites always win.
In Russia there is no convincing necessary, whatever the elites agree on is going to be what happens, 0 fucks given about what the public at large thinks.
And yet Putin has higher approval than any European or American leader.
This was the lesson Hitler taught for all time when he kept eating one country after another and said "I promise this is the last one" and the cowards just let him do it the first few times. Never again. Hence why the strong reaction to stop Putin in Ukraine.
Your problem is that the only history you know is Hitler.
The American voter ultimately decides policy in this country, both through elections in a big way, and through polling in a day-to-day way.
Princeton showed otherwise. The American voter has ZERO influence on policy. Elites decide everything.
There is no such thing as the "military-industrial complex" that's just a propaganda meme from the Left. All the defense contractors don't meet in a shadowy room and scheme, they mostly hate each other because they're competitors.
But they all agree they want more war, and more military spending. And they bribe politicians to get what they want.
It has been debated but it's wrong. here is the source:
Where did you find this? I can't find the book 'Tactical'.
I'm not sure you're talking about the same thing though. You're talking about a strategic attack (because "on the United States"). My source seemed to suggest a tactical strike.
I'm not a "jingoist", I'm merely stating the facts as they were believed at the time, and they were rightfully believed.
You said it was a good thing to risk nuclear war over something so stupid. One of the most interesting things to me was that Kennedy ordered US bases in Turkey and Italy to not strike if the USSR decided to bomb those nuclear facilities in retaliation.
Putin's caution is a reflection of the fact that he doesn't hold absolute power in Russia and therefore has to proceed in a way that is compromising and limited in order to ensure he gets cooperation within his regime.
Elsewhere, you claim that he has complete control and that he can even sign away parts of the territory of the state without being assassinated by the army or the FSB.
When I told you what MAD stops, MAD stops a general nuclear exchange. It also reduces the odds of a 1-shot attack, but such an attack is far more likely if the attacker sees the defender as weak-willed and unwilling to respond, or excessively fearful of nukes. Of course any miscalculation and you get escalation to nuclear holocaust.
I think it's almost certan that you will get miscalculation in situations like that. If you don't strike back, the other side will escalate. If you strike back too hard, he feels he has to retaliate harder. It's pretty mad.
Japan is a great power. It might not have a powerful military right this moment, but nobody doubts it could build one quickly if it felt threatened. It is the most technologically advanced country in the world after the US.
somewhat at par with the US: China, Russia and the Taliban.
Actual list: EU, Japan. China isn't worthy of being on the list yet. It is an aspiring power that has accomplished absolutely nothing in terms of flexing power. It would have to start and win a war or 2 to claim that status, which is exactly what it plans to do. Too bad for China it will almost certainly fail.
"A 1945-planned kamikaze attack on San Diego with I-400-class submarine aircraft carriers that would deploy Aichi M6As floatplanes and drop fleas infected with bubonic plague was code-named Operation Cherry Blossoms at Night.[1] The plans were rejected by Hideki Tojo who feared similar retaliation by the United States."
Hitler was preparing to drag down the entire Reich with him. I don't know why he did not use chemical weapons, but I know that it's not for any moral reason or because he feared dying (or destruction).
Hitler was convinced by Speer to not follow a "scorched earth" policy, though he wanted to.
Hermann Göring stated that the reason Hitler didn't use chemical weapons even during Götterdämmerung was because the German military was heavily reliant on horses (unlike the Allies and Soviets), so if Germany used them, the retaliatory chemical weapons attacks would have killed all the horses and immobilized the German Army.
In other words, it was a rational cost/benefit calculation where the costs outweighed the benefits.
Japan used them on China because China didn't have them, but neither Hitler nor Tojo used them because in both cases they feared retaliation.
Germany and Japan are occupied countries at the moment. Hell, Germany can't even protest its pipelines being blown up by its master. It has no sovereignty, but then again, none of us in the EU do.
Nobody believes this, not even you.
The early 1990s. Which is pretty bad.
Russian culture, rotted away by communism, has a lot of growing up to do before it can form a functional and healthy democracy, but a corrupt kleptocracy like it has now is a recipe for permanent failure. South Korea & Taiwan were able to eventually become thriving democracies. Russia can, too. It will just take time.
By that logic, nuclear weapons will never be used. Of course, that is nonsense. So if Russia nukes some US bases in Europe, you won't press the button because you don't want to be glassed. Don't be absurd. Like I said, Putin (or whoever) will use nukes if his regime is threatened, because for any regime, not being in power is the worst thing that can happen.
It's entirely possible that Americans will lose their nerve and accept getting nuked without a nuclear response. I hope that does not happen, but it might. If it does happen, it will likely be the end of human civilization. Nukes must be met with nukes. The nuclear taboo must be preserved, or else the world will end. Better that tens of millions die, than billions.
Biden doesn't care about you. He doesn't care if you live or die.
He would if I voted for him. He cares dearly about California.
They stopped Trump in his tracks, he got nothing done
He got plenty done. Big tax cut, peace in the middle east, tariffs against China, partially built the wall & kept down illegals, and much more. He got less done than he could have, but less isn't nothing.
And yet Putin has higher approval than any European or American leader.
Nobody believes this. Russia lies about stuff like that all the time. It's like how Xi Jinping just got re-elected with a unanimous vote, not even 1 dissenter. Nobody believes that the voters were voting honestly. It was "vote Xi or off to the camps". Same with Russia, either the govt just lies outright, or if they do use a real poll, everyone is too afraid to dissent because they think the government will punish them.
Your problem is that the only history you know is Hitler.
Dumb comment from you. I'm generally a historical expert and have proven my broad historical knowledge over and over to you.
Princeton showed otherwise. The American voter has ZERO influence on policy. Elites decide everything.
Idk why you lie about shit all the time. I had to look up this "Princeton study", ir should be cited as "Testing Theories of American Politics: Elites, Interest Groups, and Average Citizens" by Martin Gilens and Benjamin I. Page.
It is the opinion of 2 guys, not the official position of anyone. Martin Gilens is a hard core libtard who pushes far left political talking points, such as "Americans don't like welfare because of racism". Benjamin I. Page is similar. These are libtards pushing a political agenda, not arguing in good faith. But you embrace them because of confirmation bias.
A genuine right winger wouldn't be citing to these people as reliable sources, but you do, because you're not a genuine right winger. You just wear right wing politics as a cloak so push Russian nationalism. Your political views are generally left wing except for cultural issues.
Anyway:
The study did not claim "The American voter has ZERO influence on policy. Elites decide everything." Instead, it claimed that rich elites have more power, but "To be sure, this does not mean that ordinary citizens always lose out; they fairly often get the policies they favor"
They openly called their methodology guesswork and "imperfect" many times. It was worthless because it was just a projection of their own biases. Liberals have, for a very long time now, claimed to be populist, and claimed to be fighting against the domination of the elites in politics. It's part of their marketing. That has been exposed to be a lie now thanks to Trump, who was populist, and Hillary/Biden, who were elitist.
They openly admitted that INTEREST GROUPS dominate politics, which is true. INTEREST GROUPS are not "elites" as you use the term. The NRA is an interest group. It represents a populist opposition to gun control. Sometimes interest groups represent elites, sometimes they represent a broad populist base on a given issue. Interest groups are the vehicle through which populist movements generally express themselves.
But they all agree they want more war, and more military spending. And they bribe politicians to get what they want.
Raytheon doesn't need war to get lots of military spending. The US spends enormous amounts on them in peacetime, and during war, the spending shifts away from equipment and more towards personnel and logistics, which Raytheon doesn't get a piece of. The Iraq and Afghanistan wars didn't necessarily benefit Raytheon. While Raytheon might have made a little money off of some weapons, it was a very small piece of the overall spending, and that heightened spending resulted in Obama making cuts later. So I reject the idea that defense contractors ever act in a manner to provoke war in order to profit. It simply does not work that way except in a conspiratorial mind.
Only war with China would stand to seriously bring potential for profits, but the risks would also be enormous. Much better to instead promote FEAR of China, without encouraging war, which is what they all actually do.
Where did you find this? I can't find the book 'Tactical'. I'm not sure you're talking about the same thing though. You're talking about a strategic attack (because "on the United States"). My source seemed to suggest a tactical strike.
It included tactical in what that guy was saying. If you google the quotes you should see the source. I don't keep that stuff saved. I pull it up as needed.
Elsewhere, you claim that he has complete control and that he can even sign away parts of the territory of the state without being assassinated by the army or the FSB.
Putin has complete political control, but does not have the power to make anything he commands happen without limitation like Stalin could. He knows if he asks for too much, it simply will not happen and he will get excuses instead of results, so he operates within his perceived limits.
And nobody takes Russia's "annexing" of small parts of Ukraine seriously. Easy come, easy go, Russia ran away from Kherson without anyone getting assassinated. The same would be true for the rest.
I think it's almost certan that you will get miscalculation in situations like that. If you don't strike back, the other side will escalate. If you strike back too hard, he feels he has to retaliate harder. It's pretty mad.
Hence why the only rational course is to maximally punish and deter even reaching that point, which means not trying to lean on bullshit nuke threats as a cope or tool of foreign policy.
India has to worry about China, and China has nukes, so India needed nukes as well to not get bullied by China.
Japan proves you don't need nukes to be a great power, however.
Nah, Hitler did not use chemical weapons even though his regime was clearly going to fall. Japan didn't, either. Neither of them would have used nukes if they had them for the exact same reason.
Germany & Japan also prove that even losing a war by conquest or unconditional surrender is only a temporary setback that can be overcome in a few years provided the conquerors don't plan on occupying and subjugating you long term. The Japanese government surrendered despite loads of propaganda to fight to the death, and when officers tried a coup to reverse the surrender decision, it went nowhere and immediately failed.
If you're a Russian military officer and NATO armies are invading Russia, and you don't push the button, the worst that happens is that Russia becomes a democracy. If anything your family might get a better life. You push that button? Your family dies. It's an easy choice. Very, very few Russians are willing to die for the "regime" as opposed to saving themselves and their families.
Wrong. Americans genuinely care about one another, if a little less about political enemies. 9/11 proved that beyond all doubt. It doesn't matter that 9/11 killed a bunch of jews and libtards, Red America rose up willing to fight to avenge it.
Your mentality is correct as to China, Russia, North Korea, Myanmar, and some other shitholes, but it isn't true at all in modern democracies.
Doctrine for nukes in war is that you hit all the enemy bases, airfields, and logistics hubs. Russia has a poor intelligence picture of Ukraine. The fact that Ukraine can still operate fighters proves that. There is absolutely no excuse for Russia to have not taken out the Ukrainian air force, but Ukraine was able to disperse its aircraft in the early days of the war and operate them out of temporary, improvised bases. You can't nuke a target if you can't find it.
So tactical nukes wouldn't be a magic bullet for Russia. Ordering a full mobilization would be far less costly for Russia while also being more militarily effective.
Because it isn't true. Democracy greatly limits elite power. The leftist elites were able to successfully stop Bernie Sanders, twice, by manipulating blacks, but they couldn't stop Trump. Elites are just one faction in American society, they don't run the place like they do in Russia. In Russia there is no convincing necessary, whatever the elites agree on is going to be what happens, 0 fucks given about what the public at large thinks.
By contrast, Biden chose to ignore the Chinese spy balloon, then then the public at large didn't like that, he immediately reversed course and overcompensated by shooting down children's party balloons with F-22s.
Elites are smart enough to know that your logic leads to death regardless. If Russia nukes and we don't nuke back, then Russia will just nuke again, and again, and again, and again, until Russia finally nukes something we must nuke back for, and then we end up in exactly the same place we started, except at a much greater disadvantage because we let Russia nuke our side many times before we found our spine.
This was the lesson Hitler taught for all time when he kept eating one country after another and said "I promise this is the last one" and the cowards just let him do it the first few times. Never again. Hence why the strong reaction to stop Putin in Ukraine.
The American voter is the most powerful force in America. The American voter ultimately decides policy in this country, both through elections in a big way, and through polling in a day-to-day way. Biden constantly changes policy when the polls don't go his way. Afghanistan was one time he didn't, but he paid dearly for that and it made him scared to do it again.
There is no such thing as the "military-industrial complex" that's just a propaganda meme from the Left. All the defense contractors don't meet in a shadowy room and scheme, they mostly hate each other because they're competitors.
And there is no "uniparty consensus", Biden took office and abandoned Afghanistan even though it was something the Republicans were strongly against. Had Trump won, he would have been pressured into stopping his limp dick nonsense and putting more troops back in to prevent a collapse.
It has been debated but it's wrong. here is the source:
During the fifth and final conference in Havana, General Anatoly Gribkov, who was a colonel at the time of the crisis and heavily involved in the planning of the missile operation known now as operation "Anadyr", surprised many participants by claiming that General Pliyev had Moscow's permission to launch a nuclear strike against the United States in the event the U.S. invaded Cuba (here it is not understood whether airstrikes constituted an invasion, or if actual ground forces had to be a part of the invasionary forces).135
There is much debate currently as to the validity of Gribkov's statement. Mark Kramer sees Gribkov's account as nothing more than a way for an overzealous conference participant to grab some publicity. Other scholars like James Blight and Robert McNamara were eager to take Gribkov's testimony at face value. Gribkov later that same year, in an interview for Krasnaya Zvesda (Red Star) in November 1992, retracted his earlier tale.136 [Kramer, Tactical, 43.]
In the beginning of 1994, Gribkov published a book with U.S. general William Y. Smith, which seems to put the question of ICBM control to rest. In the book, which appeared in April 1994, Gribkov appears to back-away from his startling Havana statements by writing, "Hours before receiving the translation of Kennedy's address, however, Khrushchev and his colleagues had also agreed on measures to reduce the risk that conflict over Cuba might lead to general war. One such action was a coded telegram sent at 11:30 P.M. Moscow time that reached us in Havana some thirty minutes before the U.S. President began his broadcast. Addressed to Trostnik - Comrade Pavlov (code for Soviet headquarters on Cuba), and signed by Defense Minister Rodian Y. Malinovsky as Director, the message contained both a call to arms and a prohibition on the use of atomic arms. Instructing Pliyev to prepare to fight, it also hedged his authority to use any part of his nuclear arsenal in the event of fighting."137 [Gribkov and Smith, Operation, 62.]
Such orders were written but were not approved or signed or communicated to the Soviets in Cuba. They were just drafts.
Yes. The tactical nukes did not have any special security safeguards or "locks". The Soviets were also concerned that the Cubans could potentially seize the weapons and fire them themselves without Soviet approval.
I'm not a "jingoist", I'm merely stating the facts as they were believed at the time, and they were rightfully believed.
Putin is obviously rational and calculating. I couldn't care less what some libtard writes in the NYT or Wapo. Putin's caution is a reflection of the fact that he doesn't hold absolute power in Russia and therefore has to proceed in a way that is compromising and limited in order to ensure he gets cooperation within his regime. Ask for too much sacrifice, and people start to balk.
If I only need 100 ICBMs to glass you, and I have 1,000, and you take 50% of them out somehow, you've accomplished nothing. You just reduced the layers of glass from 10 to 5.
Limited nuclear exchanges are extremely dangerous because they are far more likely. When I told you what MAD stops, MAD stops a general nuclear exchange. It also reduces the odds of a 1-shot attack, but such an attack is far more likely if the attacker sees the defender as weak-willed and unwilling to respond, or excessively fearful of nukes. Of course any miscalculation and you get escalation to nuclear holocaust.
It's a psychological prestige thing. I'm sure they have "a lot" of nukes, but I'm also sure the number of nukes they have which are actually ready to use and which would actually work are far lower than what they'd say on paper.
[continued]
I may have been stoopid, but I assumed it was about Pakistan. China makes a good deal more sense. And then Pakistan had to develop nukes in order to not be at a disadvantage vs. India.
Japan is no great power. It's an economic power, but to be a great power, you have to at least be able to project power regionally. The only great powers are the ones that are somewhat at par with the US: China, Russia and the Taliban.
Did Japan even have chemical weapons? This makes no sense. Hitler was preparing to drag down the entire Reich with him. I don't know why he did not use chemical weapons, but I know that it's not for any moral reason or because he feared dying (or destruction).
Germany and Japan are occupied countries at the moment. Hell, Germany can't even protest its pipelines being blown up by its master. It has no sovereignty, but then again, none of us in the EU do.
The early 1990s. Which is pretty bad.
By that logic, nuclear weapons will never be used. Of course, that is nonsense. So if Russia nukes some US bases in Europe, you won't press the button because you don't want to be glassed. Don't be absurd. Like I said, Putin (or whoever) will use nukes if his regime is threatened, because for any regime, not being in power is the worst thing that can happen.
Biden doesn't care about you. He doesn't care if you live or die. And my government (a "modern democracy") sure as hell doesn't care about me. C'mon man, how are you this naive?
It's especially true in "modern democracies". In divine right monarchy, you at least have a small chance that a non-sociopath will come to the throne. In "democracies", it's a literal impossibility. They don't care about their people, except insofar as it hurts them. What "democracies" do well is that sending your people to die will hurt you politically, so they are less likely to do it than a Mao. But that is the only reason they don't do it, not because Biden is some sort of great moral light.
Probably.
They stopped Trump in his tracks, he got nothing done, and now they're jailing him for the temerity to win an election. "Democracy" is a fiction. You are possessed by your two-party mindset, persuaded yourself that all your ills of your country come from Democrats, but I can see that much more clearly in multi-party European elections. It doesn't matter who wins. You get screwed either way, and the elites always win.
And yet Putin has higher approval than any European or American leader.
Your problem is that the only history you know is Hitler.
Princeton showed otherwise. The American voter has ZERO influence on policy. Elites decide everything.
But they all agree they want more war, and more military spending. And they bribe politicians to get what they want.
Where did you find this? I can't find the book 'Tactical'.
I'm not sure you're talking about the same thing though. You're talking about a strategic attack (because "on the United States"). My source seemed to suggest a tactical strike.
You said it was a good thing to risk nuclear war over something so stupid. One of the most interesting things to me was that Kennedy ordered US bases in Turkey and Italy to not strike if the USSR decided to bomb those nuclear facilities in retaliation.
Elsewhere, you claim that he has complete control and that he can even sign away parts of the territory of the state without being assassinated by the army or the FSB.
I think it's almost certan that you will get miscalculation in situations like that. If you don't strike back, the other side will escalate. If you strike back too hard, he feels he has to retaliate harder. It's pretty mad.
Japan is a great power. It might not have a powerful military right this moment, but nobody doubts it could build one quickly if it felt threatened. It is the most technologically advanced country in the world after the US.
Actual list: EU, Japan. China isn't worthy of being on the list yet. It is an aspiring power that has accomplished absolutely nothing in terms of flexing power. It would have to start and win a war or 2 to claim that status, which is exactly what it plans to do. Too bad for China it will almost certainly fail.
lol yes they famously tested them on the Chinese: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit_731 & https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Changde
"A 1945-planned kamikaze attack on San Diego with I-400-class submarine aircraft carriers that would deploy Aichi M6As floatplanes and drop fleas infected with bubonic plague was code-named Operation Cherry Blossoms at Night.[1] The plans were rejected by Hideki Tojo who feared similar retaliation by the United States."
Hitler was convinced by Speer to not follow a "scorched earth" policy, though he wanted to.
Hermann Göring stated that the reason Hitler didn't use chemical weapons even during Götterdämmerung was because the German military was heavily reliant on horses (unlike the Allies and Soviets), so if Germany used them, the retaliatory chemical weapons attacks would have killed all the horses and immobilized the German Army.
In other words, it was a rational cost/benefit calculation where the costs outweighed the benefits.
Japan used them on China because China didn't have them, but neither Hitler nor Tojo used them because in both cases they feared retaliation.
Nobody believes this, not even you.
Russian culture, rotted away by communism, has a lot of growing up to do before it can form a functional and healthy democracy, but a corrupt kleptocracy like it has now is a recipe for permanent failure. South Korea & Taiwan were able to eventually become thriving democracies. Russia can, too. It will just take time.
It's entirely possible that Americans will lose their nerve and accept getting nuked without a nuclear response. I hope that does not happen, but it might. If it does happen, it will likely be the end of human civilization. Nukes must be met with nukes. The nuclear taboo must be preserved, or else the world will end. Better that tens of millions die, than billions.
He would if I voted for him. He cares dearly about California.
He got plenty done. Big tax cut, peace in the middle east, tariffs against China, partially built the wall & kept down illegals, and much more. He got less done than he could have, but less isn't nothing.
Nobody believes this. Russia lies about stuff like that all the time. It's like how Xi Jinping just got re-elected with a unanimous vote, not even 1 dissenter. Nobody believes that the voters were voting honestly. It was "vote Xi or off to the camps". Same with Russia, either the govt just lies outright, or if they do use a real poll, everyone is too afraid to dissent because they think the government will punish them.
Dumb comment from you. I'm generally a historical expert and have proven my broad historical knowledge over and over to you.
Idk why you lie about shit all the time. I had to look up this "Princeton study", ir should be cited as "Testing Theories of American Politics: Elites, Interest Groups, and Average Citizens" by Martin Gilens and Benjamin I. Page.
It is the opinion of 2 guys, not the official position of anyone. Martin Gilens is a hard core libtard who pushes far left political talking points, such as "Americans don't like welfare because of racism". Benjamin I. Page is similar. These are libtards pushing a political agenda, not arguing in good faith. But you embrace them because of confirmation bias.
A genuine right winger wouldn't be citing to these people as reliable sources, but you do, because you're not a genuine right winger. You just wear right wing politics as a cloak so push Russian nationalism. Your political views are generally left wing except for cultural issues.
Anyway:
The study did not claim "The American voter has ZERO influence on policy. Elites decide everything." Instead, it claimed that rich elites have more power, but "To be sure, this does not mean that ordinary citizens always lose out; they fairly often get the policies they favor"
They openly called their methodology guesswork and "imperfect" many times. It was worthless because it was just a projection of their own biases. Liberals have, for a very long time now, claimed to be populist, and claimed to be fighting against the domination of the elites in politics. It's part of their marketing. That has been exposed to be a lie now thanks to Trump, who was populist, and Hillary/Biden, who were elitist.
They openly admitted that INTEREST GROUPS dominate politics, which is true. INTEREST GROUPS are not "elites" as you use the term. The NRA is an interest group. It represents a populist opposition to gun control. Sometimes interest groups represent elites, sometimes they represent a broad populist base on a given issue. Interest groups are the vehicle through which populist movements generally express themselves.
Raytheon doesn't need war to get lots of military spending. The US spends enormous amounts on them in peacetime, and during war, the spending shifts away from equipment and more towards personnel and logistics, which Raytheon doesn't get a piece of. The Iraq and Afghanistan wars didn't necessarily benefit Raytheon. While Raytheon might have made a little money off of some weapons, it was a very small piece of the overall spending, and that heightened spending resulted in Obama making cuts later. So I reject the idea that defense contractors ever act in a manner to provoke war in order to profit. It simply does not work that way except in a conspiratorial mind.
Only war with China would stand to seriously bring potential for profits, but the risks would also be enormous. Much better to instead promote FEAR of China, without encouraging war, which is what they all actually do.
It included tactical in what that guy was saying. If you google the quotes you should see the source. I don't keep that stuff saved. I pull it up as needed.
Putin has complete political control, but does not have the power to make anything he commands happen without limitation like Stalin could. He knows if he asks for too much, it simply will not happen and he will get excuses instead of results, so he operates within his perceived limits.
And nobody takes Russia's "annexing" of small parts of Ukraine seriously. Easy come, easy go, Russia ran away from Kherson without anyone getting assassinated. The same would be true for the rest.
Hence why the only rational course is to maximally punish and deter even reaching that point, which means not trying to lean on bullshit nuke threats as a cope or tool of foreign policy.