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Why are we pushing people off of bridges?
It was a thought experiment to see who is more psychopathic. If I remember correctly, the setting was that you see a person on a bridge and no one else is around. You have to push them to their death to get past. You will never be caught or punished for it and no one will ever find out it was you.
Who thinks up these tests?
It's like the Kobayashi Maru scenario only for fun rather than rank.
Presumably it's a good way to study bias.
IIRC this is a variant of the famous Trolley Problem.
In this variant, there is a trolley speeding down a track, and you are standing on a bridge above the tracks. There is a- ahem, "Large" individual on the bridge, whom you can push down to save 5 people tied on the tracks further ahead.
The graph itself shows participant responses from 0-10 (here, the y axis only goes up to 6) as to how likely they would be to push the individual from the bridge, sorted by the specifciation or lack thereof of the bystander's sex.
The lines going through the bars show the variance, that is to say, the bar could be anywhere from the top of that line to the bottom. Where the bar itself is actually drawn is the "mode" or most common response.
Praise Hadrian.