Pertinent quote from the results section of the publication:
Most people who come from a socio-economically less favorable background do not commit more crime than people who come from a more favorable background, and it also happens that people from a more favorable background do commit crime. This means that even if there is a connection between socio-economic background and involvement in crime, that connection is weak. It is not possible to appreciably predict who will commit crimes based on knowledge of people's socio-economic background.
https://bra.se/publikationer/arkiv/publikationer/2023-03-01-socioekonomisk-bakgrund-och-brott.html
It's already known within America alone. There's a reason why Appalachia isn't the crime capital despite being the poorest region of the nation.
As others have already said though, biggest factor is fatherlessness. The destabilisation of the family unit is intentional.