The Rifle That Ruined America
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Bald faced lie.
Let me point something out that I've seen in the military community for 50 years, but haven't heard anyone talk about in the modern assertions that the 5.56 round is so dangerous that it makes people's lungs explode.
One of the reasons the US Army is switching over to a 6.5 caliber firearm is because since the moment that the US military adopted 5.56, it has been considered a dangerously underpowered round.
Military personnel for decades screamed at the top of their lungs that 5.56 NATO may be very fast, but is outrageously small, and doesn't have enough "stopping power".
The political Left in this country explicitly argued that the weapon was designed to support the Military Industrial Complex's desire to buy nearly unlimited amounts of ammunition since soldiers in Vietnam were being told to basically spray-and-pray with the weapons to their hearts content, while not even being very effective compared to all other previous military weapons in history.
Now, "stopping power" isn't actually a real thing per se, and anyone who's actually familiar with ballistics really doesn't talk about it because the truth is that what stops a bad guy is where you hit him. Marksmanship matters a lot more than caliber.
HOWEVER, the secondary wound cavities from a 5.56 NATO round are way smaller than 7.62 NATO. Even with 20" barrels, these rounds are only effective on a point target out to 550 yards, and most grunts can tell you a story where they shot up a terrorist, who they knew was probably mortally wounded, but managed to run away because they were hopped up on amphetamines & khat so they were both high as fuck, and had dulled nerves. This entire situation is amplified when the soldier is using standard "Green Tip" ammunition which has an armor piercing penetrator which is great for going through armor & concrete, but actually causes the rounds to barely even slow down through flesh alone.
This is not the case with ye olde M-14 with the 7.62 NATO cartridge, because the bitch is so large that it hits people like a sledge hammer moving at the speed of sound.
Ahem:
Now, tell me about how the AR-15 blows out people's lungs, literally disintegrates children leaving only their shoes, and is universally renown for being too dangerous...?
As I recall, one of the primary motivations for switching to 5.56 NATO was that you could carry roughly twice as much for the same weight as you could 7.62 NATO. Full-on 7.62 NATO battle rifles are also very hard on the troops using them, I've heard them described as "fully-automatic flashbangs", with deleterious effects on situational awareness due to the power of the round.
Given that most countries wanted to switch away from 7.62 anyway - it's a round fit for combat out to 600+ metres, which, given the amount of fire support most infantry has on tap, is kinda pointless - 5.56 was a decent enough fit, but, perhaps more importantly, it was an American-produced cartridge. The British .280 (7mm) was also up for consideration but the US effectively vetoed it.
And oh, look. The next calibre the US is after is 6.8mm. Not that I expected them to actually choose a 7mm round, that would be a little too on the nose.
Absolutely correct, this has been understood since the logistical demands on German troops in WW2 required 8mm Mauser rifle rounds meant that they needed constant re-supply for more ammunition. Particularly the MG-42's that made a Machine Gun team over 6 people IIRC.
That's kind of what you get when the idea of a squad automatic weapon is a BAR... which is supposed to be fired from the hip, and comes with a bipod. It's really more of an LMG, but when it was invented intermediate cartridges didn't really exist. It's an improvement on what was already in front of them, but it's not necessarily a great idea.
That being said, the sound of a bunch of 7.62 weapons firing on your position with automatic fire is going to be absolutely pants-shittingly terrifying. The sound of a platoon normally firing with 7.62 is cacophonous. There's no way that the sound doesn't have a significant effect on enemy morale.
"Oi Mate, you got a locinse fo dat 7mm?"
"It's not a 7mm, it's a 6.8 mm"
"Swings an' roundabout's govenah."
"IT'S NOT A 7 MM"
"Aw thinks u might be compensatin' fo sometin' "
"IT'S NOT A 7 MM!!!!!!"
Most Drills are actually idiots, and all the trainers everywhere else make fun of them.
That being said, he was trying to point out something that kind of makes sense:
The 5.56 round has a propensity to tumble aggressively when it hits flesh. The logic of the entire round is that it's moving so fast that it has limited anti-armor capabilities, but when it hits flesh it will tumble and cause damage, making it basically an anti-armor and anti-personnel round. It's propensity to tumble in the body is what causes those massive secondary wound channels.
However, if you give it added anti-armor capabilities (like a tungsten core), and/or make it go faster, it might not slow down: thus preventing it from tumbling, and defeating the entire purpose of having a very high speed round that tumbles on contact.
5.56 ball shatters inside a body when fired at high enough velocities (20 inch barrel), but tends to just go straight in, and straight out, when fired at lower velocities. No shooter as far as I am aware of used 20 inch barrel, and the mil-spec green tip rounds have a steel 'pin' in the design which makes them less likely to fragment/tumble.