The lack of competing grids is itself the result of regulation.

No, it's a consequence of physics.

Do you know what happens when two alternating current systems which are not in phase exist in close proximity to one another?

They fight. Literally. The phase angle between the two power signals resists each other. They don't even have to be physically attached, simply running two out of phase ac systems close to each other will cause some induced load from the opposed phases because wires are not perfect conductors.

If they connect, well...

Whichever system has more inertia will win (assuming the contact point survives for more than a few milliseconds). The other system's phase angle will be physically (violently) dragged up or down to the phase angle of the system that has more spinning mass. In effect, the generators which are out of phase will cease to be generators and momentarily become electric motors. This has profoundly bad consequences for both systems. In extreme cases it can cause turbine blades to fucking snap. Although realistically all it will do is cause a whole lot of breakers and safety relays to operate and cause a blackout.

Because they cannot coexist out of phase. As long as the phase angle isn't in sync, they aren't "powering" things, they're fighting each other.

This is why the proposed junction between the three grids (Tres Amigas Superstation) is designed around these giant fucking 20 mile long superconductive HVDC cables. Because to even think about having the grids coexist with each other, you first have to strip out phase angle entirely and convert the energy to DC.

The lack of competing grids is itself the result of regulation.

No, it's a consequence of physics.

Do you know what happens when two alternating current systems which are not in phase exist in close proximity to one another?

They fight. Literally. The phase angle between the two power signals resists each other. They don't even have to be physically attached, simply running two out of phase ac systems close to each other will cause some induced load from the opposed phases because wires are not perfect conductors.

If they connect, well...

Whichever system has more inertia will win (assuming the contact point survives for more than a few milliseconds). The other system's phase angle will be physically (violently) dragged up or down to the phase angle of the system that has more spinning mass. In effect, the generators which are out of phase will cease to be generators and momentarily become electric motors. This has profoundly bad consequences for both systems. In extreme cases it can cause turbine blades to fucking snap.

Because they cannot coexist out of phase. As long as the phase angle isn't in sync, they aren't "powering" things, they're fighting each other.

This is why the proposed junction between the three grids (Tres Amigas Superstation) is designed around these giant fucking 20 mile long superconductive HVDC cables. Because to even think about having the grids coexist with each other, you first have to strip out phase angle entirely and convert the energy to DC.

The lack of competing grids is itself the result of regulation.

No, it's a consequence of physics.

Do you know what happens when two alternating current systems which are not in phase exist in close proximity to one another?

They fight. Literally. The phase angle between the two power signals resists each other. They don't even have to be physically attached, simply running two out of phase ac systems close to each other will cause the wires to start heating up with induced load from the other current's phase angle.

If they connect, well...

Whichever system has more inertia will win (assuming the contact point survives for more than a few milliseconds). The other system's phase angle will be physically (violently) dragged up or down to the phase angle of the system that has more spinning mass. In effect, the generators which are out of phase will cease to be generators and momentarily become electric motors. This has profoundly bad consequences for both systems. In extreme cases it can cause turbine blades to fucking snap.

Because they cannot coexist out of phase. As long as the phase angle isn't in sync, they aren't "powering" things, they're fighting each other.

This is why the proposed junction between the three grids (Tres Amigas Superstation) is designed around these giant fucking 20 mile long superconductive HVDC cables. Because to even think about having the grids coexist with each other, you first have to strip out phase angle entirely and convert the energy to DC.

The lack of competing grids is itself the result of regulation.

No, it's a consequence of physics.

Do you know what happens when two alternating current systems which are not in phase exist in close proximity to one another?

They fight. Literally. The phase angle between the two power signals resists each other. They don't even have to be physically attached, simply running two out of phase ac systems close to each other will cause the wires to start heating up with induced load from the other current's phase angle.

If they connect, well...

Whichever system has more inertia will win (assuming the contact point survives for more than a few milliseconds). The other system's phase angle will be physically (violently) dragged up or down to the phase angle of the system that has more spinning mass. In effect, the generators which are out of phase will cease to be generators and momentarily become electric motors. This has profoundly bad consequences for both systems. In extreme cases it can cause turbine blades to fucking snap.

Because they cannot coexist out of phase. As long as the phase angle isn't in sync, they aren't "powering" things, they're fighting each other.

This is why the proposed junction between the three grids (Tres Amigas Superstation) is designed around these giant fucking 20 mile long superconductive HVDC cables. Because to even think about having the grids coexist with each other, you first have to strip out phase angle entirely and convert the energy to DC.

Supposing you want to pull power from two different substations on the same interconnect to have redundant power supplies. Even THAT requires some pretty expensive power switching equipment to do safely, and you have to make special arrangements with the utility so they know you're doing it. Not just because they're running the line for you but because it represents a point where two branches will potentially come into contact.

Before DTV there was a second factor as well. The NTSC clock signal between your CRT and the transmitter's camera... was the 60 hz AC main. This is why the boundaries for the three interconnects are where they are.

The lack of competing grids is itself the result of regulation.

No, it's a consequence of physics.

Do you know what happens when two alternating current systems which are not in phase exist in close proximity to one another?

They fight. Literally. The phase angle between the two power signals resists each other. They don't even have to be physically attached, simply running two out of phase ac systems close to each other will cause the wires to start heating up with induced load from the other current's phase angle.

If they connect, well...

Whichever system has more inertia will win (assuming the contact point survives for more than a few milliseconds). The other system's phase angle will be physically (violently) dragged up or down to the phase angle of the system that has more spinning mass. In effect, the generators which are out of phase will cease to be generators and momentarily become electric motors. This has profoundly bad consequences for both systems. In extreme cases it can cause turbine blades to fucking snap.

Because they cannot coexist out of phase. As long as the phase angle isn't in sync, they aren't "powering" things, they're fighting each other.

This is why the proposed junction between the three grids (Tres Amigas Superstation) is designed around these giant fucking 20 mile long superconductive HVDC cables. Because to even think about having the grids coexist with each other, you first have to strip out phase angle entirely and convert the energy to DC.

Supposing you want to pull power from two different substations on the same interconnect to have redundant power supplies. Even THAT requires some pretty expensive power switching equipment to do safely, and you have to make special arrangements with the utility so they know you're doing it. Not just because they're running the line for you but because it represents a point where two branches will potentially come into contact.

Before DTV there was a second factor as well. The NTSC clock signal between your CRT and the transmitter's camera... was the 60 hz AC main. This is why the boundaries for the three interconnects are where they are.

The lack of competing grids is itself the result of regulation.

No, it's a consequence of physics.

Do you know what happens when two alternating current systems which are not in phase exist in close proximity to one another?

They fight. Literally. The phase angle between the two power signals resists each other. They don't even have to be physically attached, simply running two out of phase ac systems close to each other will cause the wires to start heating up with induced load from the other current's phase angle.

If they connect, well...

Whichever system has more inertia will win (assuming the contact point survives for more than a few milliseconds). The other system's phase angle will be physically (violently) dragged up or down to the phase angle of the system that has more spinning mass. This has profoundly bad consequences for both systems. In extreme cases it can cause turbine blades to fucking snap.

Because they cannot coexist out of phase. As long as the phase angle isn't in sync, they aren't "powering" things, they're fighting each other.

This is why the proposed junction between the three grids (Tres Amigas Superstation) is designed around these giant fucking 20 mile long superconductive HVDC cables. Because to even think about having the grids coexist with each other, you first have to strip out phase angle entirely and convert the energy to DC.

Supposing you want to pull power from two different substations on the same interconnect to have redundant power supplies. Even THAT requires some pretty expensive power switching equipment to do safely, and you have to make special arrangements with the utility so they know you're doing it. Not just because they're running the line for you but because it represents a point where two branches will potentially come into contact.

Before DTV there was a second factor as well. The NTSC clock signal between your CRT and the transmitter's camera... was the 60 hz AC main. This is why the boundaries for the three interconnects are where they are.

The lack of competing grids is itself the result of regulation.

No, it's a consequence of physics.

Do you know what happens when two alternating current systems which are not in phase exist in close proximity to one another?

They fight. Literally. The phase angle between the two power signals resists each other. They don't even have to be physically attached, simply running two out of phase ac systems close to each other will cause the wires to start heating up with induced load from the other current's phase angle.

If they connect, well...

Whichever system has more inertia will win (assuming the contact point survives for more than a few milliseconds). The other system's phase angle will be physically (violently) dragged up or down to the phase angle of the system that has more spinning mass. This has profoundly bad consequences for both systems. In extreme cases it can cause turbine blades to fucking snap.

Because they cannot coexist out of phase. As long as the phase angle isn't in sync, they aren't "powering" things, they're fighting each other.

This is why the proposed junction between the three grids (Tres Amigas Superstation) is designed around these giant fucking 20 mile long superconductive HVDC cables. Because to even think about having the grids coexist with each other, you first have to strip out phase angle entirely and convert the energy to DC.

Supposing you want to pull power from two different substations on the same interconnect to have redundant power supplies. Even THAT requires some pretty expensive power switching equipment to do safely, and you have to make special arrangements with the utility so they know you're doing it.

Before DTV there was a second factor as well. The NTSC clock signal between your CRT and the transmitter's camera... was the 60 hz AC main. This is why the boundaries for the three interconnects are where they are.

The lack of competing grids is itself the result of regulation.

No, it's a consequence of physics.

Do you know what happens when two alternating current systems which are not in phase exist in close proximity to one another?

They fight. Literally. The phase angle between the two power signals resists each other. They don't even have to be physically attached, simply running two out of phase ac systems close to each other will cause the wires to start heating up with induced load from the other current's phase angle.

If they connect, well...

Whichever system has more inertia will win (assuming the contact point survives for more than a few milliseconds). The other system's phase angle will be physically (violently) dragged up or down to the phase angle of the system that has more spinning mass. This has profoundly bad consequences for both systems. In extreme cases it can cause turbine blades to fucking snap.

Because they cannot coexist out of phase. As long as the phase angle isn't in sync, they aren't "powering" things, they're fighting each other.

This is why the proposed junction between the three grids (Tres Amigas Superstation) is designed around these giant fucking 20 mile long superconductive HVDC cables. Because to even think about having the grids coexist with each other, you first have to strip out phase angle entirely and convert the energy to DC.

Supposing you want to pull power from two different substations to have redundant power supplies. Even THAT requires some pretty expensive power switching equipment to do safely, and you have to make special arrangements with the utility so they know you're doing it.

Before DTV there was a second factor as well. The NTSC clock signal between your CRT and the transmitter's camera... was the 60 hz AC main. This is why the boundaries for the three interconnects are where they are.

The lack of competing grids is itself the result of regulation.

No, it's a consequence of physics.

Do you know what happens when two alternating current systems which are not in phase exist in close proximity to one another?

They fight. Literally. The phase angle between the two power signals resists each other. They don't even have to be physically attached, simply running two out of phase ac systems close to each other will cause the wires to start heating up with induced load from the other current's phase angle.

If they connect, well...

Whichever system has more inertia will win (assuming the contact point survives for more than a few milliseconds). The other system's phase angle will be physically (violently) dragged up or down to the phase angle of the system that has more spinning mass. This has profoundly bad consequences for both systems. In extreme cases it can cause turbine blades to fucking snap.

Because they cannot coexist out of phase. As long as the phase angle isn't in sync, they aren't "powering" things, they're fighting each other.

This is why the proposed junction between the three grids (Tres Amigas Superstation) is designed around these giant fucking 20 mile long superconductive HVDC cables. Because to even think about having the grids coexist with each other, you first have to strip out phase angle entirely and convert the energy to DC.

Before DTV there was a second factor as well. The NTSC clock signal between your CRT and the transmitter's camera... was the 60 hz AC main. This is why the boundaries for the three interconnects are where they are.

The lack of competing grids is itself the result of regulation.

No, it's a consequence of physics.

Do you know what happens when two alternating current systems which are not in phase exist in close proximity to one another?

They fight. Literally. The phase angle between the two power signals resists each other. They don't even have to be physically attached, simply running two out of phase ac systems close to each other will cause the wires to start heating up with induced load from the other current's phase angle.

If they connect, well...

Whichever system has more inertia will win (assuming the contact point survives for more than a few milliseconds) The other system's phase angle will be physically (violently) dragged up or down to the phase angle of the system that has more spinning mass. This has profoundly bad consequences for both systems. In extreme cases it can cause turbine blades to fucking snap.

Because they cannot coexist out of phase. As long as the phase angle isn't in sync, they aren't "powering" things, they're fighting each other.

This is why the proposed junction between the three grids (Tres Amigas Superstation) is designed around these giant fucking 20 mile long superconductive HVDC cables. Because to even think about having the grids coexist with each other, you first have to strip out phase angle entirely and convert the energy to DC.

Before DTV there was a second factor as well. The NTSC clock signal between your CRT and the transmitter's camera... was the 60 hz AC main. This is why the boundaries for the three interconnects are where they are.

The lack of competing grids is itself the result of regulation.

No, it's a consequence of physics.

Do you know what happens when two alternating current systems which are not in phase exist in close proximity to one another?

They fight. Literally. The phase angle between the two power signals resists each other. They don't even have to be physically attached, simply running two out of phase ac systems close to each other will cause the wires to start heating up with induced load from the other current's phase angle.

If they connect, well...

Whichever system has more inertia will win (assuming the contact point survives for more than a few milliseconds) The other system's phase angle will be physically (violently) dragged up or down to the phase angle of the system that has more spinning mass. This has profoundly bad consequences for both systems. In extreme cases it can cause turbine blades to fucking snap.

Because they cannot coexist out of phase. As long as the phase angle isn't in sync, they aren't "powering" things, they're fighting each other.

This is why the proposed junction between the three grids (Tres Amigas Superstation) is designed around these giant fucking 20 mile long superconductive HVDC cables. Because to even think about having the grids coexist with each other, you first have to strip out phase angle entirely and convert the energy to DC.

Before DTV there was a second factor as well. The NTSC clock signal between your CRT and the transmitter's camera... was the 60 hz AC main.

The lack of competing grids is itself the result of regulation.

No, it's a consequence of physics.

Do you know what happens when two alternating current systems which are not in phase exist in close proximity to one another?

They fight. Literally. The phase angle between the two power signals resists each other. They don't even have to be physically attached, simply running two out of phase ac systems close to each other will cause the wires to start heating up with induced load from the other current's phase angle.

If they connect, well...

Whichever system has more inertia will win (assuming the contact point survives for more than a few milliseconds) The other system's phase angle will be physically (violently) dragged up or down to the phase angle of the system that has more spinning mass. This has profoundly bad consequences for both systems. In extreme cases it can cause turbine blades to fucking snap.

Because they cannot coexist out of phase. As long as the phase angle isn't in sync, they aren't "powering" things, they're fighting each other.

This is why the proposed junction between the three grids (Tres Amigas Superstation) is designed around these giant fucking 20 mile long superconductive HVDC cables. Because to even think about having the grids coexist with each other, you first have to strip out phase angle entirely and convert the energy to DC.

The lack of competing grids is itself the result of regulation.

No, it's a consequence of physics.

Do you know what happens when two alternating current systems which are not in phase exist in close proximity to one another?

They fight. Literally. The phase angle between the two power signals resists each other. They don't even have to be physically attached, simply running two out of phase ac systems close to each other will cause the wires to start heating up with induced load from the other current's phase angle.

If they connect, well...

Whichever system has more inertia will win (assuming the contact point survives for more than a few milliseconds) The other system's phase angle will be physically (violently) dragged up or down to the phase angle of the system that has more spinning mass. This has profoundly bad consequences for both systems. In extreme cases it can cause turbine blades to fucking snap.

Because they cannot coexist out of phase. As long as the phase angle isn't in sync, they aren't "powering" things, they're fighting each other.

This is why the proposed junction between the three grids (Tres Amigas Superstation) is designed around these giant fucking superconductive HVDC links. Because to even think about having the grids coexist with each other, you first have to strip out phase angle entirely and convert the energy to DC.

The lack of competing grids is itself the result of regulation.

No, it's a consequence of physics.

Do you know what happens when two alternating current systems which are not in phase exist in close proximity to one another?

They fight. Literally. The phase angle between the two power signals resists each other. They don't even have to be physically attached, simply running two out of phase ac systems close to each other will cause the wires to start heating up with induced load from the other current's phase angle.

If they connect, well...

Whichever system has more inertia will win. The other system's phase angle will be physically (violently) dragged up or down to the phase angle of the system that has more spinning mass. This has profoundly bad consequences for both systems. In extreme cases it can cause turbine blades to fucking snap.

Because they cannot coexist out of phase. As long as the phase angle isn't in sync, they aren't "powering" things, they're fighting each other.