You can’t tell me with a straight face that Shanghai and Shenzhen/Guangzhou and Tokyo and Seoul aren’t massive sprawling cities.
They are, but they don't exhibit the same pattern.
I omitted one ring. In many American cities OUTSIDE the top 20, the stagnant CBD is ringed by by historic districts with strong zoning limits and high land values. In the top 20's these are usually slums with some gentrifying areas.
What occurs in the American city is that the lack of existing mass transit in the suburbs to begin with prevents the suburbs from increasing in density as they age. Even where zoning and historic districts DON'T inhibit the construction of increased density buildings, the lack of transit makes it untenable to increase the density because the roads (designed for suburban density) won't support it.
Building the transit during the densification process doesn't happen because that means clawing back land from existing owners to build transportation corridors that weren't planned.
You can’t tell me with a straight face that Shanghai and Shenzhen/Guangzhou and Tokyo and Seoul aren’t massive sprawling cities.
They are, but they don't exhibit the same pattern.
I omitted one ring. In many American cities OUTSIDE the top 20, the stagnant CBD is ringed by by historic districts with strong zoning limits and high land values. In the top 20's these are usually slums with some gentrifying areas.
You can’t tell me with a straight face that Shanghai and Shenzhen/Guangzhou and Tokyo and Seoul aren’t massive sprawling cities.
They are, but they don't exhibit the same pattern.